Contemporary issues in accounting and finance Essay

Contemporary issues in bookkeeping and money - Essay Example An ongoing FEE (Federation of European Accountants) distribution expresses that â€Å"an individual’s objectivity must be certainly when leading and providing details regarding a legal audit† (FEE). This paper will basically assess this announcement with specific reference given to some principal budgetary/bookkeeping/inspecting ideas and outer examinations. Objectivity of legal reviewers There are numerous circumstances where a legal auditor’s objectivity would be addressed while evaluating fiscal reports of a firm. To represent, a reviewer faces this test while managing the valuation of advantages. So as to comprehend this circumstance unmistakably, it is important to examine the distinction between reasonable worth and chronicled cost. Under authentic cost bookkeeping, resources and liabilities are esteemed at unique procurement cost and any expansion or diminishing in their reasonable worth throughout the years isn't considered (Shome 1995, p.135). Conversely , resources and liabilities are esteemed at the market cost in the present date under the reasonable worth bookkeeping technique (Wood 2009, p.344). Generally, books of records were kept at chronicled costs. In any case, reasonable worth bookkeeping supplanted this regular bookkeeping practice about two decades back and from that point forward the advantages and liabilities are estimated at their present worth assessments (Ramanna 2013). Today, the majority of the organizations esteem resources and liabilities at the evaluations of their present market an incentive so as to give the partners an itemized perspective on the budgetary status of the business. Since questionable resources/liabilities valuation rehearses have prompted numerous corporate disappointments in the course of the most recent decade, it is a challengeable assignment for reviewers to guarantee the dependability of reasonable worth bookkeeping. Under such conditions, a legal auditor’s objectivity is probably going to be addressed on the off chance that he has a particular enthusiasm for the firm. Reasonable worth bookkeeping speaks to the social development of reality whereby authenticity, force, and figments are made. As specialists bring up, new epistemic rules must be made to address the socially developed truth of reasonable worth bookkeeping. Reasonable worth bookkeeping unmistakably speaks to socially developed reality, and evaluators are required to keep up proficient morals and genuine practices (Jeppesen and Liempd 2011). So as to check this socially developed reality, auditor’s freedom must be explicitly advanced. The auditor’s autonomy can essentially influence the believability of fiscal summaries (Olagunju 2011). Henceforth, there is a positive connection between freedom of a reviewer and validity of the budget summary (Ibid). What's more, an auditor’s freedom can legitimize his objectivity as it were. The auditor’s autonomy has two particular v iewpoints including genuine freedom and saw autonomy (Sucher and MacLullich n.d.). Achievement of both these viewpoints is fundamental to accomplish a definitive objectives of auditor’s freedom. Genuine autonomy can be basically characterized as the freedom of the inspector or autonomy of the brain (Palmrose and Saul 2001). All the more correctly, genuine autonomy is identified with the perspective the reviewer keeps up and how he deals with a specific circumstance. An extremely free examiner would settle on autonomous choices despite the fact that he is compelled to deal with a trading off condition by the company’

Old English Poem - Free Essay Example

Beowulf, an Old English poem, is a great fantasy story which was translated by Seamus Heaney. Although scholars may differ regarding the original audience and purpose of this poem, it is likely that Beowulf appealed to a wide variety of audience and garnered different responses. The poem follows the life of Beowulf, a man whose courage and persistence in defending his people stay with him to his old age. Beowulf saves people in his neighborhood from a monster named Grendel as a youth, and eventually becomes their king. In old age, he dies defending his people from a dragon. Beowulf is thus a deeply philosophical and adventurous story. Only one manuscript contains the poem Beowulf. Some scholars believe that the British Library Cotton Vitellius A. 15 manuscript, the only one that includes Beowulf, is an original copy by the poet. However, many believe that this manuscript is the last in a succession of copies produced from the original one. The Vitellius A. 15 manuscript is dated 1000 A.D, and the poet may have written Beowulf between this date and 675 A.D. Even so, it was not until the 16th century that the poem surfaced, in the hands of Laurence Nowell. No one knows where the manuscript had been before it surfaced. The poem is rich in literary devices such as imagery, allusions and plot. However, these literary devices are also used to castigate themes of vengeance and feuds. The poem literally draws meaning from the imagery the poet incorporates therein. The author allows their reader to envision the events in the story through intelligent language use that is reader-sensitive. According to Kiernan, Kevin and Andrew (36), the first lines of the poem (130-134) describes the main character as approaching while beating at sand as the ship wherein he sits is foaming within the sea like a bird. Such a description tosses the reader into a world of admiration towards the enormousness and tough stunt of the main characters ship. The majesty of the ship also becomes an allusion of just how strong and mighty Beowulf is which deepens the audiences admiration for him. Imagery is also evident in the poets description of the waters in which the ship was assail as a water body splashing towards the sky which is also dark and black as the rain. In so doing, the author seeks to allude to the horrid nature of Grendel and his mothers home. As the story comes to a close, Beowulfs readiness is ascribed as in the way he strides with his shield at his side (Kiernan, Kevin and Andrew 38). Such description makes the reader respect the main character and understand just how ready he is for the battle of his life. The young Beowulf saves the Danes from two monsters. Beowulf also derived his courage from the human condition. He was courageous in every way, but also knew when and where to attack. He understood the limitations of the human body and strived to achieve excellence by reducing the exposure of human weaknesses to the enemies In lines 1700 to 1782 in the poem, Hrothgar gives a sermon that focuses on this aspect of the human life. Beowulf goes on to live a long and noble life, and dies defending his people from a dragon. . Characters describe and define one another, which makes the reader develop an understanding of them. For instance, in lines 237-257 of the poem, the coast guard defines Beowulf. Wulfgar also describes Beowulf and his men in lines 336a-70. The poem is also rich in allusions from both the Biblical and mythological worlds. Throughout the plot of the story, God receives respectful references such as almighty Judge Eternal Lord Creator Head of Heavens and God. Further, the story of Cain and Abel stands out in the story (99-114 and 1260-1268). The Biblical account of the brothers is entwined with Grendels history; according to the poem, Grendel and his mother are Cains descendants. As such, they are painted as part of a religious syndicate of murder and evil doing. Biblical affiliation is also evident with the character known as Wiglaf who was the only individual who stayed back after fighting Beowulf. The battle between the two characters alludes to the betrayal of Jesus by Judas who was the only disciple who did not hide and face the Christ. Mythological allusions are evidenced by the existence of the character Sigemund the dragon slayer. Such a character is also present in the Norse mythology of the Volsung Saga in which the character Sigemund sired the famous dragon slayer known as Sigurd. The Saga of Finn is also alluded to in the lines 1062 to 1158 (Kiernan, Kevin and Andrew 40). Some individuals consider the monsters in Beowulf to represent the evil nature of human beings. Beowulfs triumph over these monsters is an indication that people can fight and defeat evil in society. The evil of human suffering may emanate from natural disasters, greed, poor relations, and focus on wealth creation as opposed to mutually beneficial coexistence (Kiernan, Kevin and Andrew 65). The fact that Grendel and his mother are human and monstrous at the same time seems to suggest that some human beings are too evil and predatory. That the sounds of human joy arouse Grendels envy suggests that some human beings are not happy when their friends, neighbors, and other people succeed or find happiness. Hrothgar also locate evil within a human being in his sermon. The plot of the poem is complete with all the ingredients including the situation at the start, conflicts, emerging issues, climax, suspense, denouement and conclusion. The initial situation is that the King Hrothgar and the Danes in general must constantly look over their shoulders due to the constant threat of attack at Heorot Hall by demon Grendel. Conflict arises when Beowulf, a Geatish warrior, puts off his fighting regalia to face Grendel in a duel to the death. The emergence of Grendels mother in a bid to avenge her sons death further complicates the situation. The story climaxes as those back at home expect Beowulf to defend them from a dragon. As Beowulf battles the dragon, he recalls his early glories, unsure of whether he would die in the hands of the fifty-foot-long dragon; the audience is left in suspense on the issue. In spite of sustaining a grievous wound, Beowulf succeeds in his conquest against the dragon. In the end, the Beowulf receives a respectful funeral and burial as they prepare for an attack by their neighbors. Beowulf also depicts loyalty as one of the greatest human virtues. In the poem, loyalty serves as the glue that holds together the Anglo-Saxon society of the past. Unfortunately, this desirable virtue also occasioned vengeance and feud as societies and other supernatural beings battle to avenge a previous wrongs and perhaps set things right in their evil ridden society. A loyal man or woman is likely to avenge the death of his or her beloved. The loyal man or woman is also likely to feud the enemies of his or her beloved. In the modern society, people consider taking the law into your own hands as a lesser evil than injustice and victimization. However, things in the Anglo-Saxon society were different. People had a duty to punish murderers, and those who brought suffering to families, friends, lords, and servants. Doubtlessly, the story ofBeowulf is globally regarded as one of the most famous poems today. The ancient poem follows the life of a heroic man, his fights with monsters, and eventual demise in an old, ripe age. The poem has many themes, including fortitude and wisdom, loyalty, fate, providence, vengeance, feud, and evil which are all propelled through various literary devices such as imagery, allusions and plot. However, the poem is filled with narrations of evil and many feuds which a people must engage in to safeguard their existence. Most happenings in the story involve a war against evil as castigated by supernatural beings and human beings themselves. Through the account, we learn that humans can be evil, but their dependence on God leads to a well-constructed path of providence and fate. The poem also uses a unique style, which is evident in its narration, presentation of characters, alliterative verse, and episodes and digressions.

Essay on Love and Loss in Poetry - 2004 Words

Love and Loss in Poetry Q. How do the poets convey their attitudes toward love and loss in the poems ‘ a woman to her lover’ ‘first love’ ‘remember’ and ‘ when we two parted’? The poem ‘ a woman to her lover’ was written by Christina Walsh. The poem starts of with a question, ‘do you come to me to bend me to your will?’ throughout the poem, the basic atmosphere of loss is evident. Within the first stanza itself there is marital imagery relating to the sense of power and dominance. ‘ in drudgery and silence’, she tries to portray how she is helpless to protest, she begins the poem with this relationship, the dominance of man over woman, ‘to make of me a bondslave’ in this stanza she is explaining one of the types of†¦show more content†¦She talks of a relationship based on sex. That the love shared between them is fueled and continued only by the physical relationship between them. She rejects more fiercely this type of idea of man, ‘Oh shame , and pity and abasement’ she considers it to be and insult for all women and completely degrading. ‘Wakened woman’ her use of alliteration is to emphasize to woman to know their worth. The last line of the stanza also holds a universal meaning, ‘not for you the hand of any wakened woman of our time. The last stanza of the poem is in contrast to all the others. We see here the tone changes, it softens, ‘But Lover’. She speaks of equality at home and speaks of a partner who will share what life has to offer with the other. She uses the word ‘height’ to show the depth of feelings in togetherness. She gives the impression that she would give herself to him forever ‘I am yours forever’ if he would treat her the way she wishes. She uses musical images as well, ‘bridal march’ ‘music of the spheres’, ‘circling fugue’, they bring out the harmony in the relationship, she wishes for equality, to be equal partners in the journey of life. And the last line talks of Christian faith, that even God and the universe would be happy with this type of relationship, of perfect equality. It shows what she wants with her lover. The four stanzas speak of four separate different relationships, she analyses here the man and woman relationshipShow MoreRelatedThe Theme of Love and Loss in Poetry Essay2011 Words   |  9 PagesThe Theme of Love and Loss in Poetry How on earth are you ever going to explain in terms of chemistry and physics so important a biological phenomenon as first love? Albert Einstein. The subject of love has always inspired poets, writers, and those lucky in love as well. Love is everything its cracked up to be. It really is worth fighting for, risking everything for. 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Should’st rubies find:† (line 5,6). But he changes up in the secondRead MoreAt Night My Lost Memory Of The Beloved Poem Analysis1430 Words   |  6 Pageshis beloved and longs for it, usually shown in his poetry. Consequently, Faiz Ahmed Faiz uses three literary devices in many ways to portray the true subject of poetry, based on him, which is the loss of the beloved. Specifically, Faiz uses emotional language, hyperbole, and allegory to illustrate the theme of the loss of the beloved. Certainly, Faiz Ahmed Faiz uses emotional language in different ways, contributing to the mood about the loss of the beloved. He utilizes dark emotional languageRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe and Love 1059 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as wars, lack of proper health for illness such as tuberculosis and the popularity of stories with horror and monsters most certainly influence how Poe wrote. The biggest influence on Poe’s writing was his personal life; gambling, drinking, loss of love, and lack of money, greatly influenced what he wrote. Poes life started tragically, when his father deserted his family and his mother died of tuberculosis (Bloom 1999). The death of his mother could have influenced some of his darker themesRead MoreWriting Through Different Explorations And How Subverting The Traditional Conventions Of Poetry Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesPoetry, what first comes to mind? If your anything like me, poetry can seem somewhat monotonous, rather like a locked door exclusive, complicated, and hard to understand. I think poetry tends to be a big game of â€Å"Guess what I’m thinking!† and I hate that game. I’m not a mind-reader. I think a lot of people who get excited about poetry are really pretentious. This possibly comes from believing that they actually can guess what other people are thinking. When we think poetry, we tend to know poetry

Argumentive Essay Fraternities and Sorrorities - 1735 Words

Against Fraternities/Sororities As portrayed in the 1978 hit movie Animal House, college fraternities/sororities are a hotbed of excessive drinking, casual sex, vandalism, and generally licentious behavior. But, in real life, unlike the movie, the results of such conduct are hardly laughable. Even though the nationwide membership in both fraternities and sororities are at an all time high of 350,000 members, fraternities and sororities are still receiving harsh criticism from university leaders and civic authorities. In the face of several recent incidents, fraternity and sorority behaviors can no longer be viewed as harmless school boy or school girl high jinks, but must be seen for what it truly is, a dangerous threat to the†¦show more content†¦Although not as dangerous as hazing, the problem of racism among fraternities and sororities are also a growing problem. At the University of Southern California, in Thomas 4 2003, members of a rival fraternity spray painted anti-Semitic slogans on the sidewalk in front of a Jewish fraternity house. In another disgraceful episode, at Oklahoma State University, Sigma Alpha Epsilon brothers were reprimanded after holding a â€Å"plantation party,† during which several members masqueraded as black slaves.(Inside Greek U: Fraternities, Sororities and the Pursuit of Pleasure, Power and Prestige 1-125). Kappa Alpha chapters, traditionally strong in the Southeast, hold â€Å"Old South† parties annually. At these parties, females dress as southern belles while the K. A.s don Confederate Army uniforms in a satirical reenactment of the days when slavery prevailed. A Fiji Island party at the University of Wisconsin was halted after college officials deemed the tropical garb and black makeup worn by the brothers as racially offensive. Similarly, the Delta Kappa Epsilon at Louisiana’s Tulane University blackened their faces during the 30 annual â €Å"Debut

Behavior and Environment Human Decision Processes

Question: Discuss about the Behavior and Environment Human Decision Processes. Answer: Introduction: There are many problems related with the problem of littering and making the park dirty that includes blocking of drains, high cost expense for cleaning of the park, and polluting the parks environment (Stern, 2000). It is important for keeping the environment clean and green of the Sydney Olympic Park. However, there has been growth of the littering and it has been continuously rising with the passage of time. Targeted elements for the problem The Littering is the process of throwing away and leaving the waste rubbish in a state of lying around at public places (Bateson et al., 2013). The waste materials include cigarette butts, plastic bags, and other paper items. The main cause for the problem of littering is the human habit of throwing away of the garbage and waste materials anywhere. The laziness of people to throw away the trash in the dustbin had resulted in causing the problem of littering. Hence, it is important for making them realize the importance of keeping the park clean. The Government had spent around $300 million for cleaning the littering and garbage that has been lying in the city all over (Steg Vlek, 2009). The garbage or waste that should be targeted for removal from the park includes cigarettes, wrappers, and plastic bags. These items when get into the drain, blocks the pipeline overflowing the drain water. It would help in maintaining the clean surroundings of the Sydney Olympic Park. Change implementation for Littering The use of information intervention would be helpful for dealing with the issue of littering. The information intervention is useful for providing information, facts, and significance to people with the aid of comprehensive instructions (Heyduck Glattacker, 2013). The people who are daily visitors of Sydney Olympic Park should be targeted for the intervention and be provided with instructions on how to keep their surroundings clean. The intervention would help in assisting people for getting accustomed to the process of keeping their surrounding clean by making them aware of the problems of littering and their bad affects on the environment. The following sections would help in forming and intervention strategy for dealing with the problems of the littering of waste all around Sydney Olympic Park to keep the park clean and green. Hence, an intervention should be made for making people aware of the growing problems due to the littering so that they could develop a habitat for keeping their surrounding clean. Explanation of Intervention Strategy The intervention process used for dealing with the issue of littering at Sydney Olympic Park would be Information Intervention that has been targeted for youngsters (group intervention). The following sections have highlighted the intended achievements from the intervention for littering problems and the process involved in dealing with those problems. Achievements from intervention strategy The intervention strategy had been made for developing ways for dealing with the littering problems (issue in drainage system and polluting the environment of the park). These strategies (making people aware about bad effects of littering and making proper waste disposal system) would be helpful for dealing with the problems of littering of waste materials around the Sydney Olympic Park. The littering of the park is a result of isolated behavior from people in terms of physical and social context (Bamberg, 2013). The intervention would result in sustaining the parks quality and environment. Basically youngsters are targeted for intervention strategy as they are amongst the largest polluters of the Sydney Olympic Park. The type of intervention used is Information intervention and the procedure followed is based on the littering behavior of the targeted groups. Processes involved in the group intervention for littering The processes involved in the group intervention on the issues of littering and finding of the solutions for those issues at Sydney Olympic Park is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and it includes the following processes- Use of Social Norm: The primary method for making youngsters aware about the problems of littering is by focusing on peer groups in place of individuals (Shaw et al., 2014). Influencing the most significant individual from the group would also help in diverting the whole group towards the aim of the intervention. Group norms and commitments are more likely to be followed by group members than an individual norm or commitment. Influence their attitude: The use of clear and short messages would help in attracting more youngsters for getting acquainted with the goals and norms of the intervention (Neelakantan et al., 2013). It is important for exposing the youngsters about the problems and issues of the littering. The biodegradability of the litters should be made aware to them so that they focus more on keeping the park clean and green. Behavior Control: The proper waste disposal methods and techniques should be made aware to the youngsters. The empty dustbins and recycling bins must be present in the park for facilitating the proper disposals of waste and trashes. Justification of the Intervention Strategy The intervention strategy has been developed for targeting the youngsters and making them understand about the problems of the littering for the Sydney Olympic Park. The Theory of Planned Behavior would be helpful for supporting the process for intervention of littering (Werner et al., 2012). The primary reason behind the solution for the issue of littering is the peer influence on people. However, some other influences like realization of bad effects of littering, personal norms, amount/proximity of dustbins, and sense of community can be used for implementing the solutions for the littering in Sydney Olympic Park. The main reasons behind the use of group intervention strategy using Theory of Planned Behavior are In the social age, youngsters are more easily influenced from the trends and hence, peer influence would be more effective than individual influence The use of information about the bad effects of the littering would be helpful for making them aware about the necessity for keeping the environment clean and green Presence of proximate garbage disposal system (dustbins and recycle bins) would be helpful in tending people to use them instead of throwing garbage here and there (littering) The barriers to the intervention strategy and their mitigation processes are listed in the table below- Barriers and Risk Factors Mitigation Strategies Lack of Information on the Littering Review of a number of literature and interviews of experts for getting prior and complete information on the effects of littering Unable to influence youngsters Implementing reward system and competition for keeping the park clean and it would attract more youngsters for keeping the park clean Absence of dust bins and recycling system Get support from the local communities for developing waste disposal system at the park Table 1: Barriers for Littering Intervention and their Mitigation Strategy (Source: Cognis et al., 2014, pp-405) References Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. Bamberg, S. (2013). Applying the stage model of self-regulated behavioral change in a car use reduction intervention.Journal of Environmental Psychology,33, 68-75. Bateson, M., Callow, L., Holmes, J. R., Roche, M. L. R., Nettle, D. (2013). Do images of watching eyes induce behaviour that is more pro-social or more normative? A field experiment on littering.PloS one,8(12), e82055. Cornish, M. A., Thys, A., Vogel, D. L., Wade, N. G. (2014). Post-deployment difficulties and help seeking barriers among military veterans: Insights and intervention strategies.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,45(6), 405. Heyduck, K., Glattacker, M. (2013, July). Review of a Common Sense Model-based patient information intervention in the context of rehabilitation. In27th Conference of the European Health Psychology Society(Vol. 19). Neelakantan, P., Gerrard, G., Lucas, C., Milojkovic, D., May, P., Wang, L., ... O'Brien, S. (2013). Combining BCR-ABL1 transcript levels at 3 and 6 months in chronic myeloid leukemia: implications for early intervention strategies.Blood,121(14), 2739-2742. Shaw, W. S., Besen, E., Pransky, G., Boot, C. R., Nicholas, M. K., McLellan, R. K., Tveito, T. H. (2014). Manage at work: a randomized, controlled trial of a self-management group intervention to overcome workplace challenges associated with chronic physical health conditions.BMC public health,14(1), 1. Steg, L., Vlek, C. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29, 309-317. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.10.004 Stern, P. (2000). Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behaviour. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 407-24. Werner, C. M., Cook, S., Colby, J., Lim, H-J. (2012). Lights out in university classrooms: Brief group discussion can change behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32, 418426. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.07.001

Touro University International Essays (336 words) -

Touro University International James L. White ACC 501 Module 5, Session Long Project Dr. Paul R. Watkins INTRODUCTION The purpose of this report is to use my organization to identify a product or service in my organization that could use Activity Based Costing. I will then identify at least two activities for Activity Based Costing and the appropriate cost drivers for those activities. I will estimate the application rates for each cost driver. By discussing this topic I hope to provide the reader with some insight on the name and nature of my organization, the activity and time period I used, the inputs I used, my results and any implications from my results. I will conclude this report with a brief summary of the entire analysis, highlighting some of the most significant parts that the report contains. THE ORGANIZATION As I have mentioned in the past modules my job involves training, medical billing, cost center management, medical terminology, military medical readiness, aero medical evacuation, medical health records, patient eligibility, Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA), safety, customer service, Medical Expense and Performance Reporting System (MEPRS), equipment and supplies. Using the fiscal year 2005 resource report for Sheppard Air Force Base Medical Center I will be using supplies and equipment as my service. The medical center deals with massive amounts of supplies and equipment ranging from staplers to x-ray machines. The two activities for this service will be materials purchasing and material handling. The appropriate cost driver for materials purchased is the number of purchased orders and the appropriate cost driver for materials handled is the number of materials demanded. |Activity |Cost driver | |Materials |the number of purchased| |purchasing |orders | |Materials |the number of materials| |handled |demanded | CONCLUSION Using Activity Based Counseling in the medical center is important because it shows actual cost, facilitates better decision making with scarce resources, and shows the cost consequences of resource management decisions. If a company wants to reduce cost they must know more about current cost. Activity Based Costing will provide you with valuable insight into cost and performance within your organization for continuous improvement for present and future endeavors.

Puberty Blues is a non-fictional story based on the lives of the authors, Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey as they were teenage Essays

Puberty Blues is a non-fictional story based on the lives of the authors, Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey as they were teenage Essays Puberty Blues is a non-fictional story based on the lives of the authors, Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey as they were teenage Essay Puberty Blues is a non-fictional story based on the lives of the authors, Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey as they were teenage Essay Essay Topic: We Real Cool Puberty Blues was written by Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey. It was first published in 1979. This edition was published in 2002 by Pan Macmillan in Sydney; and reprinted in 2003. It is a non-fictional story aimed at 13-14 year old girls based on the lives of the authors, Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey when they were teenagers growing up in the Southern suburbs of Sydney. Throughout the novel, the main characters, Debbie and Sue, explore the treacherous expectations that peer pressure can place upon adolescents lives. It represents the importance of coming to the realization that creating morals and values of your own, whether male or female, is the most important thing that you will ever have to do. At just thirteen years of age Debbie would have done anything to become part of the popular group. If you werent in that crowd you were no one. After dealing with the mean and harsh treatments the popular group had displayed towards Debbie and her best friend Sue, they continued endeavoring to be accepted by the group. The reader can slowly see Debbie change her morals and values as the story progresses. Her family was no longer important to her, she continually disrespected their rules and appeared ignorant to any past ethical behaviors they had taught her. She became obsessive about status and risked everything to fit in. She began to ditch her old friends and began drinking, smoking and cheating in schoolwork. She knew that it was wrong but popularity was her main priority. She lost dignity in herself and respect from her family and began to believe it was acceptable to eat, sleep and breathe the boys expectations of her. Debbie began to feel nothing was worthwhile, life was boring and there was nothing to do. She kept on commenting on how great it would be to surf but everyone laughed it off as a joke and replied with a quick answer that girls dont surf. To cure her boredom, she began to take drugs with the boys and soon fell pregnant to her boyfriend, Danny. After looking everywhere to find hi m and tell him the news she finally found him in his room nearly passed out from taking so many drugs. This was when Debbie became more aware of the outside world again and how shed changed. She began to realize that all her peer group ever did was do things for the boys and that their only source of entertainment was sex, drugs, and surfing (the girls were their accessories who sat on the beach and minded their towels). She was sick of delivering food to the guys when they were ready for it and she was sick of never doing anything for herself. After spending a lot of time thinking about it, she finally told Sue how she felt. She wanted to do something about it and she knew what that was. After that day Debbie and Sue bought their very own surfboard. They surfed all day long and had never felt better, and although their group had disowned them straight away she didnt care anymore. She saw them as a minority group she once strived to be part of. Puberty Blues is written in first person. This displays a more personal connection between the character and the reader. The authors also project a sense of confidence within the characters about what was cool and what wasnt. For example, in the first few paragraphs the characters tell you what was cool, they told you the things you must do to become accepted and as they were speaking showed a sense of excitement at the thought of this. They spoke of the boys in a manner which suggested they were god like creatures who were so superior to them that it was wrong not to do anything that they said. The novel is written in simple language yet relates to mature themes such as sex, drugs, and popularity amongst school life which affect the targeted audience who are becoming interested in such ideas and concepts. The language gives the reader a feeling of connection between the text and the ideas, which they can relate to themselves. In the beginning of the novel Debbie spoke in an incoherent manner but as she began to realize her inanity, she became more articulate and competent at expressing a cogent outlook on teenage false perceptions of priorities in life which seem miniscule to the outside world, e.g. popularity. Because the author includes the main characters throughout the novel, and shows their changes and how they grow as people, the use of an epilogue is one of the most important parts of this novel. It shows some who die from drug overdose and others ending up in jail for crimes they have committed. It shows how important it is to make the right decisions without sounding lame to the intended audience. The paragraph which reflects the most change in Debbie is the last paragraph in the book (p.113). We climbed the sand hill at Wanda and looked back. There they were, a mass of black specks way out to sea. The surf had dropped. They sat astride their boards in the grey, flat water; waiting. I knew theyd be talking about their chicks. They always did, way out there when the waves werent working. Hey Deb, lets go get a milkshake Sue and I walked off. It shows that Debbie at last sees the boys as an overrated obsession. How theyre better off claiming independence rather then living up to other peoples expectations and it also shows that your true friends are the ones who will always be there.